|
勤奋的考研人，感谢你的点击! 无论你的关注重点是考研历年试题，还是考研政治历年试题，又或是考研英语答案解析，你都将在这里找到想要的干货内容。小编为大家整理了“考研英语历年试题——2022年考研试题及答案解析”的相关信息，快来了解一下吧!
2022年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题
Directions:Section I Use of English Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Harlan Coben believes that if you’re a writer, you’ll find the time; and that if you can’t find the time, then writing isn’t a priority and you’re not a writer. For him, writing is a 1 job—a job like any other. He has 2 it with plumbing, pointing out that a plumber doesn’t wake up and say that he can’t work with pipes today. 3 , like most writers these days, you’re holding down a job to pay the bills, it’s not 4 to find the time to write. But it’s not impossible. It requires determination and single-mindedness. 5 that most bestselling authors began writing when they were doing other things to earn a living. And today, even writers who are fairly 6 often have to do other work to 7 their writing income. As Harlan Coben has suggested, it’s a 8 of priorities. To make writing a priority, you’ll have to 9 some of your day-to-day activities and some things you really enjoy. Depending on your 10 and your lifestyle, that might mean spending less time watching television or listening to music, though some people can write 11 they listen to music. You might have to 12 the amount of exercise or sport you do. You’ll have to make social media an 13 activity rather than a daily, time-consuming 14 . There’ll probably have to be less socialising with your friends and less time with your family. It’s a 15 learning curve, and it won’t always make you popular. There’s just one thing you should try to keep at least some time for, 16 your writing—and that’s reading. Any writer needs to read as much and as widely as they can; it’s the one 17 supporter—something you can’t do without. Time is finite. The older you get, the 18 it seems to go. We need to use it as carefully and as 19 as we can. That means prioritising our activities so that we spend most time on the things we really want to do. If you’re a writer, that means— 20 —writing. 1. [A] difficult [B] normal [C] steady [D] pleasant 2. [A] combined [B] compared [C] confused [D] confronted 3. [A] If [B] Though [C] Once [D] Unless 4. [A] enough [B] strange [C] wrong [D] easy 5. [A] Accept [B] Explain [C] Remember [D] Suppose 6. [A] well-known [B] well-advised [C] well-informed [D] well-chosen 7. [A] donate [B] generate [C] supplement [D] calculate 8. [A] cause [B] purpose [C] question [D] condition 9. [A] highlight [B] sacrifice [C] continue [D] explore 10. [A] relations [B] interests [C] memories [D] skills 11. [A] until [B] because [C] while [D] before 12. [A] put up with [B] make up for [C] hang on to [D] cut down on 13. [A] intelligent [B] occasional [C] intensive [D] emotional 14. [A] habit [B] test [C] decision [D] plan 15. [A] tough [B] gentle [C] rapid [D] funny 16. [A] in place of [B] in charge of [C] in response to [D] in addition to 17. [A] indispensable [B] innovative [C] invisible [D] instant 18. [A] duller [B] harder [C] quieter [D] quicker 19. [A] peacefully [B] generously [C] productively [D] gratefully 20. [A] at most [B] in turn [C] on average [D] above all
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Directions:Part A Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
On a recent sunny day, 13,000 chickens roam over Larry Brown’s 40 windswept acres in Shiner, Texas. Some rest in the shade of a parked car. Others drink water with the cows. This all seems random, but it’s by design, part of what the $6.1 billion U.S. egg industry bets will be its next big thing: climate-friendly eggs.These eggs, which are making their debut now on shelves for as much as $8 a dozen, are still labeled organic and animal-friendly, but they’re also from birds that live on farms using regenerative agriculture—special techniques to cultivate rich soils that can trap green-house gases. Such eggs could be marketed as helping to fight climate change. “I’m excited about our progress,” says Brown, who is adding more cover crops that draw worms and crickets for the chickens to eat. The birds’ waste then fertilizes fields. Such improvements “allow our hens to forage for higher-quality natural feed that will be good for the land, the hens, and the eggs that we supply to our customers.” The egg industry’s push is the first major test of whether animal products from regenerative farms can become the next premium offering. In barely more than a decade, organic eggs went from being dismissed as a niche product in natural foods stores to being sold at Walmart. More recently there were similar doubts about probiotics and plant-based meats, but both have exploded into major supermarket categories. If the sustainable-egg rollout is successful, it could open the floodgates for regenerative beef, broccoli, and beyond. Regenerative products could be a hard sell, because the concept is tough to define quickly, says Julie Stanton, associate professor of agricultural economics at Pennsylvania State University Brandywine. Such farming also brings minimal, if any, improvement to the food products (though some producers say their eggs have more protein). The industry is betting that the same consumers paying more for premium attributes such as free-range, non-GMO, and pasture-raised eggs will embrace sustainability. Surveys show that younger generations are more concerned about climate change, and some of the success of plant-based meat can be chalked up to shoppers wanting to signal their desire to protect the environment. Young adults “really care about the planet,” says John Brunnquell, president of Egg Innovations. “They are absolutely altering the food chain beyond what I think even they understand what they’re doing.” 21. The climate friendly eggs are produced _______. [A] at a considerably low cost [B] at the demand of regular shoppers [C] as a replacement for organic eggs [D] on specially designed farms 22. Larry Brown is excited about his progress in _______. [A] reducing the damage of worms [B] accelerating the disposal of wastes [C] creating a sustainable system [D] attracting customers to his products 23. The example of organic eggs is used in Paragraph 4 to suggest _______. [A] the doubts over natural foods [B] the setbacks in the egg industry [C] the potential of regenerative products [D] the promotional success of supermarkets 24. It can be learned from the last paragraph that young people _______. [A] are reluctant to change their diet [B] are likely to buy climate-friendly eggs [C] are curious about new foods [D] are amazed at agricultural advances 25. John Brunnquell would disagree with Julie Stanton over regenerative products _______. [A] market prospects [B] nutritional value [C] standard definition [D] moral implications Text 2 One in three Americans who are at least 40 have or plan to have a job in retirement to prepare for a longer life, according to a survey conducted by Harris Poll for TD Ameritrade. Even more surprising is that more than half of “unretirees”—those who plan to work in retirement or went back to work after retiring—said they would be employed in their later years even if they had enough money to settle down, the survey showed. Financial needs aren’t the only culprit for the “unretirement” trend. Other reasons, according to the study, include personal fulfillment such as staying mentally fit, preventing boredom or avoiding depression. “The concept of retirement is evolving,” said Christine Russell, senior manager of retirement at TD Ameritrade. “It’s not just about finances. The value of work is also driving folks to continue working past retirement.” One reason for the change in retirement patterns: Americans are living longer. Older Americans are also the fastest-growing segment of the U.S. workforce. The percentage of retirement-age people in the labor force has doubled over the past three decades. About 20% of people 65 and older were in the workforce in February 2019, up from an all-time low of 10% in January 1985, according to money manager United Income. Because of longer life spans, Americans are also boosting their savings to preserve their nest eggs, the TD Ameritrade study showed, which surveyed 2,000 adults between 40 to 79. Six in 10 “unretirees” are increasing their savings in anticipation of a longer life. Among the most popular ways they are doing this, the company said, is by reducing their overall expenses, securing life insurance or maximizing their contributions to retirement accounts. Unfortunately, many people who are opting to work in retirement are preparing to do so because they are worried about making ends meet in their later years, said Brent Weiss, a co-founder at Baltimore-based financial-planning firm Facet Wealth. He suggested that preretirees should speak with a financial advisor to set long-term financial goals. “The most challenging moments in life are getting married, starting a family and ultimately retiring.” Weiss said. “It’s not just a financial decision, but an emotional one. Many people believe they can’t retire.” 26. The survey conducted by Harris Poll indicates that _______. [A] over half of the retirees are physically fit for work [B] the old workforce is as active as the younger one [C] one in three Americans enjoy earlier retirement [D] more Americans are willing to work in retirement 27. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that Americans tend to think that _______. [A] retirement may cause problems for them [B] boredom can be relieved after retirement [C] the mental health of retirees is overlooked [D] “unretirement” contributes to the economy 28. Retirement pattern are changing partly due to _______. [A] labor shortage [B] population growth [C] longer life expectancy [D] rising living costs 29. Many “unretirees” are increasing their savings by _______. [A] investing more in stocks [B] taking up odd jobs [C] getting well-paid work [D] spending less 30. With regard to retirement, Brent Weiss thinks that many people are _______. [A] unprepared [B] unafraid [C] disappointed [D] enthusiastic ...... Part B Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should 1) interpret the chart, and 2) give your comments. You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points) 
2022年考研英语（二）试题解析
1.【答案】BSection I Use of English 【解析】形容词辨析题。后半句表明“就像其他任何工作一样”，因此前半句应选“常规的工作”，故B“normal 正常的，常规的”为正确选项。A项 difficult 困难的；C项 steady 平稳的，稳定的；D项 pleasant 令人愉快的。 2.【答案】B 【解析】动词辨析题。作者将写作与管道修理进行比较，并指出一个水管工不会醒来说今天没法修理管道。固定搭配compare ... with... 意为“将……与……进行比较”，故B项“compare 比较”为正确选项。A项 combined连接；C项 confused 使困惑；D项 confronted 直面，面对，对抗。 3.【答案】A 【解析】本句表明“像现在大多数作家一样，你是在找工作付账单，”因此本句为一种假设的可能性，同时下一句but之后的大意是即便是畅销作家也会去从事其他工作，因此but之前的意思是表明写作和其他工作不可共存，故A为正确选项。B项 Though 虽然，尽管；C项 Once 一旦；D项 Unless 除非。 4.【答案】D 【解析】形容词辨析题。根据本句句意“像现在大多数作家一样，你为了付账单而保住了一份工作，那么找时间写作并不___”，可判断空格需填正向形容词，因此选择D项“easy容易的，简答的”。A项 enough 足够的；B项 strange奇怪的；C项 wrong 错误的。 5.【答案】C 【解析】动词辨析题。空格前句话表明“但这并非不可能。它需要决心和一心一意。空格后半句“大多数畅销书作家是在做其他事情谋生时开始写作的。”后半句是对前半句的语义进行肯定性补充，因此C项“Remember 记得”为正确选项。A项 Accept 接受；B项 Explain 解释；D项 Suppose 假设。 6.【答案】A 【解析】形容词辨析题。通过空格前“And”可判断本句和前一句是并列关系，因此与前一句“大多数畅销书作家是在做其他事情谋生时开始写作的”的语义保持一致。“And today, even writers who are fairly 6 often have to do other work to 7 their writing income.”今天，即使是相当有名的作家也常常不得不做其他工作来补充他们的写作收入。 7.【答案】C 【解析】同第六题，“And today, even writers who are fairly 6 often have to do other work to 7 their writing income.”今天，即使是相当有名的作家也常常不得不做其他工作来补充他们的写作收入。因此C项“supplement 补充，增加”为正确选项。A项 donate 捐赠；B项 generate产出，产生；D项 calculate 计算。 8.【答案】C 【解析】名词解释题。空格本句：正如哈兰·科本所说，这是一个优先事项的____。后文论述了为了使写作排在第一位，你必须要完成很多事情，因此C项“question问题”为正确选项。A项 cause 原因；B项 purpose目的；D项 condition 条件。 9.【答案】B 【解析】动词辨析题。为了将写作放在第一位，你必须____一些日常活动和一些你真正喜欢的事情。由此可判断空格需要填个负向动词，因此B项“sacrifice牺牲”为正确选项。A项 highlight 突出，强调；C项 continue 继续；D项 explore 探索。 10.【答案】B 【解析】名词解释题。可由空格后面的and，推断本题应选和“your lifestyle”构成并列的名词，因此B“interests兴趣”为正确选项。A项 relations关系；C项 memories 记忆；D项 skills 技能。 11.【答案】C 【解析】...some people can write 11 they listen to music 表明空格前后二者形成一种对比关系，因此C “while当……时候”为正确选项。A项 until 直到……；B项 because 因为；D项 before 在……之前。 12.【答案】D 【解析】固定搭配题。You might have to 12 the amount of exercise or sport you do. 本句依然是为了使写作排在第一位，必须要完成很多事情之一。可判断空格需要填负向动词或短语。因此D项“cut down on缩减”为正确选项。A项 put up with 忍受；B项 make up for 弥补；C项 hang on to 坚持。 13.【答案】B 【解析】形容词辨析题。空格后“...rather than a daily, time-consuming...”表明而不是日常的，耗时的……，表面空格处与转折词rather than后面的形容词意思相反，B项“occasional偶尔的，有时候的”与rather than后面的daily意思相反，因此，B为正确选项。A项 intelligent 聪明的；C项 intensive敏感的；D项 emotional 感情的，情感的，情绪的。 14.【答案】A 【解析】同上一题，You’ll have to make social media an 13 activity rather than a daily, time-consuming 14 . 你必须让社交媒体成为偶尔的一项活动，而不是耗费时间的日常习惯。因此A项“habit习惯”为正确选项。B项 test 测试；C项 decision 决定；D项 plan 计划。 15.【答案】A 【解析】形容词辨析题。前一句表明你可能需要减少与朋友的社交活动，减少与家人的相处时间。因此可判断并不是一件开心的事情。同时后文“and it won’t always make you popular.”也表明它不会总是让你受欢迎。因此空格需要填负向形容词。因此A项tough“艰苦的”为正确选项。B项 gentle温和的；C项 rapid快速的；D项 funny 有趣滑稽的。 16.【答案】D 【解析】固定搭配题。本句大意表明只有一件事你应该至少留点时间，随后的破折号解释的是阅读，因此D项“in addition to 此外，另外”为正确选项。A项 in place of 代替；B项 in charge of负责；掌管；看管；C项 in response to 作为回应；响应；回答。 17.【答案】A 【解析】形容词辨析题。Any writer needs to read as much and as widely as they can; it’s the one 17 supporter—something you can’t do without. 任何作家都需要尽可能多地、广泛地阅读；它是唯一的____支持者，这是你不能没有的。因此A项“indispensable必不可少的”为正确选项。B项 innovative 创新的；C项 invisible 不可见的；D项 instant 立即的。 18.【答案】D 【解析】形容词辨析题。空格本句：Time is finite. The older you get, the 18 it seems to go. 时间是有限的，年纪越大，时间过得越____。因此D项“quicker更快的”为正确选项。A项 duller 更阴暗的，呆滞的；B项 harder更困难的；C项 quieter更安静的。 19.【答案】C 【解析】副词辨析题。空格本句：We need to use it as carefully and as 19 as we can,.... 我们需要尽可能小心地和____使用它，本空格的副词应和carefully在语义上保持一致，因此C项“productively 有成果地，有成效地”为正确选项。A项 peacefully和平地；B项 generously慷慨大方地；D项 gratefully 感激地。 20.【答案】D 【解析】固定搭配题。If you’re a writer, that means 20 writing. 如果你是个作家，那就意味着最重要的是写作。其中，“that“指代上文的泛泛而谈：我们应该确定活动的优先次序，将大多数时间花在真正要做的事情上》。结合句间逻辑（从面向所有人到聚焦“作家”）、文章主旨（作家的优先项是写作）以及生活常识（作家的首要任务是写作）可知，空格词应该与prioritising、spend most time on语义指向一致，表示“优先/首要”，因此D项“above all 首先;尤其是”为正确选项。A项 at most至多，最多；B项 in turn反过来；继而，转而；逐一；轮流地；C项 on average基本上，大体上；平均起来。 Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Text 1 【解析】事实细节题。根据题干关键词The climate-friendly eggs 定位至原文第一段末尾句“This all seems random, but it’s by design, ...climate-friendly eggs.”这一切似乎都是随机的，但这是设计的，……气候友好型鸡蛋。因此“D在特别设计的农场上”为正确选项。 22.【答案】C 【解析】人物观点细节题。根据题干人物Larry Brown定位至原文第三段：我对我们的进展感到兴奋，”收获鸡蛋的同时正在增加更多的覆盖作物，吸引蠕虫和蟋蟀供鸡吃。鸟类的排泄物使田地肥沃。这些改进“使我们的母鸡能够觅食更高质量的天然饲料，这对土地、母鸡和我们提供给客户的鸡蛋都有好处。”由此可见，此过程是可持续发展的，因此“C建立一个可持续的系统”为正确选项。 23.【答案】C 【解析】例证题。根据题干关键词organic eggs 定位至原文第四段第二句，因此本句为论据，论据用来解释论证的是前一句的论点句“The egg industry’s push is the first major test of whether animal products from regenerative farms can become the next premium offering.”蛋业的推动是对再生农场的动物产品能否成为下一个优质产品的第一次重大考验。因此“C再生产品的潜力”为正确选项。 24.【答案】B 【解析】事实细节题。根据题干关键词young people定位至本段第二句“Surveys show that younger generations are more concerned about climate change, and some of the success of plant-based meat can be chalked up to shoppers wanting to signal their desire to protect the environment.”调查显示，年轻一代更关注气候变化，植物肉的成功可以归因于购物者想要表达他们保护环境的愿望。因此“B他们可能会购买气候友好型鸡蛋。”为正确选项。 25.【答案】A 【解析】人物观点细节题。根据题干关键词John Brunnquell和Julie Stanton可定位至文章后两段，“Regenerative products could be a hard sell, because the concept is tough to define quickly,”表明Julie Stanton说，再生产品可能很难销售，因为这个概念很难很快定义。同时最后一段中John Brunnquell论述了该行业在年轻人中的现状，因此A项“market prospects 市场前景”为正确选项。 Text 2 【解析】事实细节题。根据题干关键词Harris Poll定位至二段：每三名40岁以上的美国人中就有一人已经或计划在退休后找到一份工作，为更长的寿命做准备。更令人惊讶的是，调查显示，超过一半的“未退休者”——计划退休后工作或退休后重返工作岗位的人——表示即使有足够的钱安顿下来，他们也会在晚年就业。因此D项“更多的美国人愿意退休工作。”为正确选项。 27.【答案】A 【解析】推断题。第三段首句“Financial needs aren’t the only culprit for the “unretirement” trend. Other reasons, according to the study, include personal fulfillment such as staying mentally fit, preventing boredom or avoiding depression.”表明经济需求并不是“不退休”趋势的唯一罪魁祸首。根据这项研究，其他原因还包括个人成就感，如保持精神健康、防止无聊或避免抑郁。因此可判断，退休就会造成以上问题。因此A项“退休会给他们造成问题”为正确选项。 28.【答案】C 【解析】因果细节题。One reason for the change in retirement patterns: Americans are living longer.退休模式改变的一个原因是：美国人活得更长了。因此C项“延长预期寿命”为正确选项。 29.【答案】D 【解析】事实细节题。根据题干关键词increasing their savings 定位至第六段二三句“Six in 10 “unretires”are increasing their savings in anticipation of a longer life, according to the survey. Among the most popular ways they are doing this, the company said, is by reducing their overall expenses, securing life insurance or maximizing their contributions to retirement accounts.”调查显示，十分之六的“未退休者”正在增加储蓄，以期待更长的寿命。该公司表示，他们这样做的最受欢迎的方式之一是减少总体开支、购买人寿保险或最大限度地增加退休账户供款。因此D项“花销更少”为正确选项。 30.【答案】A 【解析】人物观点细节题。根据题干关键词Brent Weiss定位至最后两段，尾段Weiss said.“It’s not just a financial decision, but an emotional one. Many people believe they can't retire.” 表明“这不仅仅是一个经济上的决定，也是一个情感上的决定。许多人认为他们不能退休。”因此A项“还没准备好”为正确选项。
Part B
49.【参考范文】The bar chart above vividly illustrates the changes in China’s express delivery business from 2018 to 2020. During this period, the volume of delivery business ascended sharply from 51 billion in 2018 to 83 billion in the year of 2020. Meanwhile, that of rural areas soared from 12 billion to 30 billion during the same period. Several factors can be easily found to account for the phenomenon among which I would like to name two most significant ones as follows. In the first place, the product’s price of online shopping is much cheaper than the retail price of many physical stores. Therefore, many residents tend to choose online shopping because of its much convenience in fast-paced life, which has become an inseparable part in their daily life. Secondly, with the continuous development of express network and national transportation system, the goods ordered by residents can basically reach any corner of our country, which can also reasonably explain the surge in rural areas. As has been discussed above, we could draw the conclusion that with the rapid development of China, there will still be a rise in volume of delivery business. This trend is likely to continue in the forthcoming years. 历年试题及答案解析内容较多，由于篇幅限制，完整内容请关注【华图考研】微信公众号，回复【历年试题】获取。 (责任编辑：迟) |
